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Troubleshooting Vapor-Compression (Mechanical)
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| From Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Toolbox Manual, David J. Tenenbaum, 2nd edition, Jan. 2006, ISBN 0-7689-2235-6, Thomson Peterson's, $14.99 Sample pages At Amazon |
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Start at primary problem:
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| 1: Unit fails to start | |
| 2: Unit runs erratically | 4: Compressor loses oil |
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2: Unit runs erratically
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Symptom |
Problem |
Test |
Solution |
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Compressor short-cycles |
Control circuit makes and breaks |
Faulty control |
Use meters to isolate problem control |
Repair or replace |
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Low-pressure control short-cycles |
Leaks, plugged filter-drier in liquid line, low air flow across evaporator, solenoid not closing, control set too close |
Use gauge manifold to isolate problem |
Repair leaks, adjust or replace components as necessary |
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Low evaporator load, low air flow |
Examine load situation, check for dirty filter-drier plugging evaporator air flow, check for broken fan belt or motor problems |
Repair problem: shut off unused evaporators on multi-evaporator system |
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High-pressure control short-cycles |
Air-cooled condenser plugged with debris or fan inoperative |
Compare condenser inlet to outlet air temperature; inspect condenser fan and controls |
Repair or replace as indicated |
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Water-cooled condenser not opening, cooling tower pump not working, strainer plugged, water side of condenser fouled or scaled |
Compare inlet to outlet water temperatures in condenser; inspect condenser pump, piping, controls, water valve; check for plugged strainers in piping (pull out plug at bottom of strainer and check that water runs out) |
Repair or replace valve; clean or replace strainer |
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Pump motor faulty |
Check relays and capacitor |
Replace part or repair motor |
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Leaving condenser temperature too warm |
Condenser pump not pumping enough water |
Check holding coil of pump controller, vent condenser |
Repair or replace if still needed |
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Non-condensables in system, or overcharge of refrigerant |
Check for non-condensables, then check charge level |
Bleed off non-condensables or excess refrigerant |
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Compressor runs continuously |
Room too cold or product temperature too cold |
Thermostat not opening, contacts welded on low-pressure cutout (LPCO) |
Check calibration of thermostat, check action of LPCO |
Repair or replace as indicated |